Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Examining Illiberal Trends and Anti-EU Politics in East Central Europe from a Domestic Perspective: State of Research and Outline of the Book -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Illiberal Trends and the ECE Countries' Relations with Brussels -- 3 Conflicts of a New Quality -- 4 State of Research -- 5 Aims and Outline of the Book -- References -- Part I Societal Roots of the Illiberal Trends and Anti-EU Politics -- 2 Illiberal and Anti-EU Politics in the Name of the People? Euroscepticism in East Central Europe 2004-2019 in Comparative Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Euroscepticism: Concept -- 3 Explaining Euroscepticism: Hypotheses -- 4 Data Basis: The European Election Voter Studies 2004-2019 -- Dependent Variables -- Independent Variables -- 5 Euroscepticism in ECE 2004-2019: Description and Typology -- 6 Findings: Multivariate Analysis for 2019 -- 7 Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- 3 The Varying Challenge of Islamophobia for the EU: On Anti-Muslim Resentments and Its Dividend for Right-Wing Populists and Eurosceptics-Central and Eastern Europe in a Comparative Perspective -- 1 Introduction: Is There a Connection Between Islamophobia, Right-Wing Populism and Euroscepticism? -- 2 Theorising the Islamophobia-Euroscepticism Nexus -- 3 Research Design: Data and Method -- 4 First Result: Anti-Muslim Attitudes Foster Euroscepticism, But… -- 5 Second Result: The Share of Muslims Does not Matter -- 6 Conclusion: Right-Wing Populists, Euroscepticism and How the EU Can Deal with It -- References -- 4 Is There an East-West Divide over  European Solidarity? Comparing European Citizens' Attitudes Towards Cross-Border Solidarity 2016 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 European Solidarity: Concept and Measurement -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Fiscal Solidarity.

5 Territorial Solidarity -- 6 Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- Part II Rhetoric and Practice of Illiberal and Anti-EU Politics -- 5 Differential Illiberalism: Classifying Illiberal Trends in Central European Party Politics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Illiberal Democracy: The Concept and Its Operationalisation -- 3 Actors of Illiberal Politics -- 4 The Ideologies and Programmes of Fidesz, PiS, ANO and SMER -- 5 Illiberalism as Practical Politics -- 6 Varying Degrees of Illiberalism: Comparison and Discussion -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Party Rhetoric and Action Compared: Examining Politicisation and Compliance in the Field of Asylum and Migration Policy in the Czech Republic and Hungary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Politicisation of Asylum and Migration Policy in the Czech Republic and Hungary -- 3 Different Degrees of Non-compliance in the Czech Republic and Hungary -- 4 Action in the Background: The de-Politicised Administration as a Missing Piece of the Puzzle -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Pro-Europeans and 'Euro-Realists': The Party-Voters Linkage and Parties' Political Agendas in Poland, 2004-2019 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Forms and Rationale of Programmatic De-Europeanisation -- 3 Parties' Political Agendas and Voters' Attitudes Regarding the EU in Poland Until 2015 -- 4 Parties' Political Agendas and Voters' Attitudes Regarding the EU in Poland Since 2015 -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Same Same, but Different: Domestic Conditions of Illiberal Backlash Against Universal Rights in the Czech Republic and Slovakia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Institutions and the European Legal Framework -- 3 Domestic Dynamics of Accommodation and Backlash -- 4 LGBT Rights -- 5 Istanbul Convention -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Part III EU Reactions to Illiberal and Anti-EU Politics.

9 Talking Past Each Other: On Common Misperceptions in the Rule of Law Debate -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Misperception One: Birth of Illiberalism -- 3 Misperception Two: The Values of the European Union -- 4 Misperceptions Three: Violations -- 5 Ill-Suited Responses -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- 10 Does It Help to Call a Spade a Spade? Examining the Legal Bases and Effects of Rule of Law-Related Infringement Procedures Against Hungary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Infringement Procedures as an Instrument Against Rule of Law Backsliding in EU Member States? -- 3 Miscategorising the Problems? The Legal Bases of Rule of Law-Related Infringement Action -- 4 From Limited Cooperation to Resistance: The Hungarian Government's Reactions to Rule of Law-Related Infringement Procedures -- 5 Escalation and Learning Effects: The Interplay Between Brussels and Budapest Since 2010 -- 6 Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- 11 Safeguarding Democracy and the Rule of Law by Civil Society Actors? The Case of Poland -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Framework-Civil Society and Its Potential for a Watchdog Function -- 3 Civil Society in Poland-Its Shape and Current Political Opportunity Structure -- 4 Civil Society's Protest Repertoire-Actions Taken Between Warsaw and Brussels -- 5 Impact and Resonance of the Civic Activities -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Part IV Theoretical Reflections and Conclusions -- 12 Contesting the EU, Contesting Democracy and Rule of Law in Europe. Conceptual Suggestions for Future Research -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Autocratisation in Central and Eastern Europe -- 3 De-Europeanisation in Contemporary Europe -- 4 The Link Between De-Europeanisation and Autocratisation: The Primacy of Domestic Politics as the Driver of De-Europeanisation -- 5 Conclusions -- References.

13 Towards a Political Theory of Democratic Backsliding? Generalising the East Central European Experience -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Democratic Backsliding as a Universal Trend -- 3 The Societal: The Rise of Audience Democracy -- 4 The Institutional: Looking for State Capture -- 5 The Processual: Retrogression Towards Semi-democracy -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- 14 Illiberal Trends and Anti-EU Politics in East Central Europe: Major Findings and Avenues for Future Research -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Individual Chapter Findings and Cross-Chapter Linkages -- 3 Conclusions, Open Questions and Future Research -- 4 Outlook -- References -- Index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2023. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.