Front Cover -- Series -- Adoption from Care: International Perspectives on Children's Rights, Family Preservation and State Intervention -- Copyright information -- Table of contents -- List of figures and tables -- Notes on contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introducing the field of adoption from care -- Introduction -- Adoption from care among other types of adoption -- Adoption from care among child protection removal decisions -- Long- term care and adoption from care as alternatives -- The aim of the book -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- Part I Adoption from care in risk-oriented child protection systems -- 2 Adoption from care in England: learning from experience -- Legislation and guidance -- Decision-making on adoption -- The adoption service and the practice of adoption from care -- The service for children and adopted persons -- Service for prospective adopters and adoptive families -- Numbers and profiles of adoptions in England -- Research on adoption and alternatives to adoption -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 3 Overcoming the Soviet legacy? Adoption from care in Estonia -- Introduction -- Adoption in Estonia: a historical overview -- Present status of adoption from care -- International and national legal framework -- Adoption statistics -- Main principles and ethos -- Pre-adoption practices -- Adoption register -- Pre-adoption work with the adoptive family -- Finding the right child -- Preparing the broader network of the child -- Procedure in the court -- Adoption decision -- Costs relating to adoption -- Consequences of adoption and post-adoption care -- Inter-country adoptions -- Reflections from adoptive parents -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- 4 Adoption of children from state care in Ireland: in whose best interests? -- Introduction -- A brief history of adoption in Ireland.

Statistics on adoption and children in state care, 1958-2018 -- Adoption process for children in state care -- Why are so few children adopted from state care in Ireland? -- Moving towards a new model of assessment -- From closed to more open adoptions -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Adoption from care: policy and practice in the United States -- Introduction -- A brief review of US adoption history -- Adoption today -- Future issues in adoption -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Note -- References -- Part II Adoption from care in family service-oriented child protection systems -- 6 Adoption from care in Austria -- Introduction -- Legislation and organisations -- Trends and statistics -- Principles and systemic factors underpinning child protection adoptions in Austria -- Pre- and post-adoption practices and decision-making regarding adoption -- Practices with children, birth parents and future adoptive parents -- Decision-making regarding adoption -- Decision-making body and consent -- The role of different parties -- Arrangements for post-adoption birth parent and sibling contact -- Conclusion -- Future adoption policy outlook -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- 7 Adoption from care in Finland: currently an uncommon alternative to foster care -- Introduction -- Legislation and guidelines about adoption from care -- Decision-making and the preparatory processes -- Adoptions and children in care: numbers and profiles -- Too many or too few? -- Critical points in present policy and practice regarding adoption from care -- The fragmentary nature of psychosocial counselling -- The complex issue of consent -- Low levels of post-adoption support -- Lack of research -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- 8 Adoption from care in Germany: inconclusive policy and poorly coordinated practice.

Introduction -- Legal framework of adoption and organisations involved in adoption -- The legal framework -- Organisations involved in adoption services -- Main principles and ethos of adoption -- Adoption legislation and practice -- Confidential birth -- Parental consent/substitution of parental consent -- Adoption from care: the role in child welfare policies -- Statistics on child protection and adoption -- Reasons for low numbers of adoption from care -- Decision-making in adoption proceedings -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 9 Adoption from care in Norway -- Introduction -- Guiding principles in the Norwegian child welfare system -- Legislation, policy and processes -- Data on adopted children and children in care in Norway -- Who are the children being adopted in Norway? -- Research in a national and international context -- Research on citizens' views on adoption from care -- Views on adoption from children and parents -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- 10 Adoption from care in Spain -- Introduction -- Adoption from care in legislation and guidelines -- The rights of children and parents in adoption from care -- Decision-making on adoptions -- The roles of different parties and service providers -- The adoptive parents -- The child -- Children in care in Spain and adoption from care: numbers and profiles -- The position and perceptions of adoption from care in Spain -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Part III Human rights platform and ways of belonging -- 11 International human rights law governing national adoption from care -- Introduction -- Key international law provisions -- Convention on the Rights of the Child -- Hague Convention -- European Convention on the Adoption of Children -- European Convention on Human Rights -- Key themes and principles -- Best interests of the child.

Child's views and consent for adoption -- Institutional and procedural requirements -- The child's right to identity -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Note -- References -- 12 Creating 'family' in adoption from care -- Introduction -- 'Family' -- Adopted child's rights -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- 13 Understanding attachment in decisions on adoption from care in Norway -- Introduction -- Background -- Formal structures for decisions on adoption from care -- Adoption and attachment -- The concept of attachment and attachment theory -- Discretion and legitimate decisions -- Professional discourses and the use of psychological expert knowledge in the decision-making process -- Methods and data -- Limitations -- Findings -- Where and how often? -- To whom is attachment assessed by the Board? -- How is attachment described by the Board? -- How does the Board understand attachment? -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- 14 The adoptive kinship network: issues around birth family contact in adoption -- Introduction -- The context and developing practice of contact within UK child placement services -- Contact arrangements at the different stages of adoption from care -- What do we know about how contact arrangements impact on outcomes in the longer term? -- For whom and why is contact important and what are the risks of inappropriate or badly managed contact? -- The potential benefits for birth family members -- The importance of pre- and post-placement services that support contact arrangements -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 15 Making sense of adoption from care in very different contexts -- Introduction -- The types of adoption from care -- Adoption from care in numbers -- Children as the standpoint -- Birth parents and adoption from care.

Becoming an adoptive parent for a child adopted from care -- Pre- and post-adoptive services when children from care are adopted -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- Index -- Back Cover -- Index.

EPDF and EPUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND. This book explores how children's rights are weighed against parents' rights in a range of countries, and examines how governments and legal and welfare professionals balance those rights following the decision that children cannot grow up in their parents' care.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.